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SS ''John Harvey'' was a U.S. World War II Liberty ship. This ship is most well known for carrying a secret cargo of mustard gas and whose sinking by German aircraft in December 1943 at the port of Bari in south Italy caused an unintentional release of chemical weapons. The ''John Harvey'' was built by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company in Wilmington, North Carolina, and launched on 9 January 1943. Her Maritime Commission Hull Number was 878, and she was rated as capable of carrying 504 soldiers. ==Bari incident== (詳細はOran, Algeria, to Italy, carrying 2,000 M47A1 mustard gas bombs, each of which held 60–70 lb of sulfur mustard. After stopping for an inspection by an officer of the 7th Chemical Ordnance Company at Augusta, Sicily on 26 November, the ''John Harvey'' sailed through the Strait of Otranto to arrive at Bari. Bari was packed with ships waiting to be unloaded, and the ''John Harvey'' had to wait for several days. Captain Knowles wanted to tell the British port commander about his deadly cargo and request it be unloaded as soon as possible, but secrecy prevented him doing so. On 2 December 1943 German aircraft attacked Bari, killing over 1,000 people, and sinking 17 ships,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.usmm.org/ww2.html )〕 including the ''John Harvey'', which was destroyed in a huge explosion, causing liquid sulfur mustard to spill into the water and a cloud of sulfur mustard vapor to blow over the city. A total of 628 military victims were hospitalized with mustard gas symptoms, and by the end of the month, 83 of them had died. The number of civilian casualties, thought to have been even greater, could not be accurately gauged since most had left the city to seek shelter with relatives. Details of the attack were given in a 1967 article in the US Navy journal '' Proceedings'', and in a 1976 book by Glenn B. Infield, ''Disaster at Bari''.〔New English Library Ltd, ISBN 978-0450026591〕 ==See also== * Geneva Protocol * Chemical warfare 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SS John Harvey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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